作　者：刘子曦
关键词：协同创新；网络组织；大数据；牌子；政产学结合；产学研结合；产业创新
摘　要：

新常态下，大数据产业被定位为重要的战略性新兴产业，协同创新则被视为其产业驱动力。但学界对协同创新的理论含义与现实运作还缺乏关注。基于 A 市海上丝绸之路大数据平台建设这一经验案例，可以描摹作为网络过程的协同创新平台的构建与运行。协同创新看似是由政府、高校和企业三方合作形成的正式组织网络，但其依托的实为参与主体之间的人际网络。人际联系与组织联系两者相互转换，将各主体自身的利益打包进协同创新活动，在互动博弈中摸索出共同利益和创新目标。“牌子”是网络生成与变化的关键机制。作为政府认可的正式资格，“牌子”指向非封闭且高度模糊的创新活动，暗含多层次的资本空间，因此流动于政界、业界与学界，具有“组织身份”“资源信号”“合法性依据”“利益孵化器” 四个面相。通过策略性地获取和运用“牌子”，协同创新网络不断延展，形成了跨越条块与层级的不断变动的网络结构，加剧了创新活动的不确定性。这种不确定性和大数据作为战略性新兴产业的特性相互呼应，在一定程度上加深了大数据产业的创新困境。

 

“Brand First” and Innovation Dilemma: Construction and Operation

Of the Collaborative Innovation Platform of Government, Industry and University

Liu Zixi (Xiamen University)

Abstract In the era of the New Normal, Big data is considered to be an important strategic emerging industry, whose driving force is regarded as a collaborative innovation. However, neither its empirical features nor its theoretical implications have gained sufficient attention from the academia. The author re-conceptualizes the term from the perspective of sociology of organization, points out the insufficiency of functionalism and single-level network analysis, and interprets the case of “Maritime Silk Road Big Data Platform in City A”. The author finds that this collaborative innovation actually relies on the interpersonal network between participating entities, although it seems to be a formal organizational network formed by the cooperation of government, universities and enterprises. The interpersonal and organizational relationships are mutually transformed, and the interests of each subject are packaged into the co-creation activities. “Brand” is the key mechanism of network generation and change. As a formal entitlement recognized by the government, Brand points to nonspecific and highly ambiguous innovation activities, and implies a multi-level capital space, so it flows between politics, industry and academia, with four facets: organizational identity, resource signal, legality basis, and interest incubator. Through the strategic acquisition and use of Brand, the collaborative network constantly expands its size, forming a structure that strides over bureaucratic tiers, and further increasing its uncertainty of production. Such uncertainty echoes the status of Big Data industry and increases the industrial bubble.

Key words collaborative innovation; network organization; big data; brand; government-university industry partnerships; university-industry cooperation; industrial innovation

 

■收稿日期 2020-03-31

■作者简介 刘子曦，社会学博士，厦门大学社会与人类学院副教授；福建厦门 361005。

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