作　者：俞可平
关键词：特大型城市；城市分类；城镇化；城市治理；国家治理
摘　要：

 在迅速的城镇化进程中，中国涌现了一批特大型城市。至 2020 年底，中国人口在 500 万以上的特大型城市已达到 17 个。特大型城市在中国的崛起，既有基于人口自然聚集效应之上的必然性，更有其促进社会现代化进程的合理性。特大型城市不仅存在着一般城市都具有的各种“城市病”，而且还面临着一系列特殊的治理难题，如城市的功能定位、城乡一体化、新移民的户籍管理、公共安全、环境保护和可持续发展等。由于特殊的政治经济地位，特大型城市的治理创新不仅直接影响其本身的发展，也在很大程度上引领着中国的国家治理现代化。特大型城市在克服治理难题方面采取了许多有效措施，取得了难得的成功经验，也付出了沉重的代价，需要吸取深刻的教训。特大型城市未来的发展，在很大程度上将取决于它们如何通过城市治理创新推进城市治理的现代化。

 

Important Issues on the Innovation of Chinese Urban Governance

Based upon Case Studies of Megacities Yu Keping(Peking University)

 

Abstract A number of megacities have been emerging in China in the rapid process of urbanization. There have been 17 megacities with a population of more than 5 million by the end of 2020. The emergence of megacities has the inevitability of aggregating population and rationality of advancing modernization. Nev‐ ertheless, all megacities have either typical urban diseases or particular challenges in regard of the orientation of new city functions, urban-rural integrations, household management of the new migrants, public security, environmental protection and sustainable development. In view of their particular political and economic sta‐ tus, the governance innovation of megacities does not only influence their own development but also lead the whole country's national governance. Megacities have made a lot of effective measures to deal with the chal‐ lenges they are facing. Successful experiences were achieved while heavy costs were paid, and there are many lessons that need to be learned. The future of megacities, to a large extent, would depend on how to ad‐ vance the urban modernization of governance with innovation.

Key words megacity; city classification; urbanization; urban governance; state governance

 

■ 作者简介 俞可平，政治学博士，北京大学讲席教授，北京大学城市治理研究院院长、教授、博士生导师，中国政治学研究中心主任；北京 100871。


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