作　者：敬力嘉
关键词：数字经济；金融科技；“过失参与洗钱”；层次化归责判断；注意义务；单一正犯；区块链；商业银行
摘　要：

在数字货币语境下，基于新型金融业态数字化、普及化、去中心化的特征，从业主体“过失参与洗钱”与一般业务行为的边界日益模糊，需要在层次化归责判断中，明确其刑事可罚性的判断标准。在刑法教义学视域中，“过失参与洗钱”的评价对象为过失不法中相关从业主体的参与行为，判断标准为是否违反洗钱罪构成要件中的注意义务，归责结果为单一正犯的不法结构。根据不同的数字货币类型与技术路径，分别适用以上归责判断的思路，可以准确厘定数字货币语境下不同从业主体“过失参与洗钱”的行为不法类型，明确刑法的处罚标准，实现刑法对数字货币发展前瞻且理性的回应。

 

Types of Wrongness of "Negligent Participation In Money Laundering" in the Context of Digital Currency

Jing Lijia (Wuhan University)

Abstract  In the context of digital currency， the boundary between "negligent participation in money laundering" and practitioners' general business behaviorsis becoming increasingly blurred， based on the new financial format of digitization， popularization and decentralization. Therefore， it is necessary to clarify the criterion for criminal punishment in the hierarchical imputation judgment. From the perspective of criminal law doctrine， the evaluation object of "negligent participation in money laundering" is the relevant practitioners' negligent participating behavior. The judging standard is the violation of the duty of care within the constitutive requirements of money laundering crime， and the result of imputation is the wrongness of single principal offender. In terms of different digital currency types， technological paths and practitioners， the above ideas of imputation judgment can be applied to accurately determine the types of wrongness of practitioners involved in "negligent participation in money laundering" in the context of digital currency， clarify the penal standards of criminal law， and realize a forward looking and rational response to the development of digital currency for criminal law.

Key words  digital currency； financial technology； "negligent participation in money laundering"； hierarchical imputation judgment； duty of care； single principal offender； blockchain； commercial banks

 

■ 作者简介  敬力嘉，法学博士，武汉大学法学院特聘副研究员；湖北 武汉 430072。

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