作　者：张三萍 马慧玲
关键词：想象；魔幻马克思主义；都市马克思主义；空想社会主义
摘　要：

魔幻马克思主义是都市马克思主义者安迪·梅里菲尔德在《魔幻马克思主义》中提出的一种政治理论，其主要特点就是对想象的强调。首先，面对资本主义都市化时代带来的城市空间景观化和非现实化、日常生活异化、个体丧失主观认知能力等问题，在充分吸收马克思恩格斯辩证法、列斐伏尔的空间生产理论、德波的景观社会理论的基础上，梅里菲尔德建构了以想象为主要方法来理解当代资本主义城市化的空间辩证法，以此作为颠覆性政治的理论基础；其次，梅里菲尔德主张以假想党作为政治主体，借助建立在想象基础上的日常生活革命以及与各种抵抗运动结盟的方式彻底颠覆资本主义；最后，梅里菲尔德描绘了他基于想象的理想社会。魔幻马克思主义的理论贡献表现在：丰富了经典马克思主义没有充分论述的城市、空间问题，彰显了马克思主义的理论力量；坚持和发展了马克思主义的批判精神和人文关怀；在新的条件下，努力探寻超越资本主义的革命方案。但是，魔幻马克思主义是当代的空想社会主义，它背离了唯物史观和剩余价值理论；对想象的过于强调赋予了这种政治理论的空想性特征，使其最终不能成为指导假想党进行解放斗争的思想武器，假想党也不可能成为社会发展的真正动力和变革力量。

 

Magical Marxism: A Political Theory and Revolutionary Blueprint Based on Imagination

Zhang Sanping，Ma Huiling（Wuhan University of Technology）

 

Abstract Magical Marxism is a political theory posited by Metromarxist Andy Merrifield in his book Magical Marxism, with its hallmark being an emphasis on imagination. Initially, confronted with issues brought about by the urbanization era of capitalism such as urban spatial spectaclization, the unreality of space, alienation of everyday life, and individuals losing their subjective cognitive abilities, Merrifield constructs a spatial dialectic to comprehend contemporary capitalist urbanization. He does this primarily through imagination, having gleaned insights from Marx and Engels' dialectics, Lefebvre's spatial production theory, and Debord's theory of the spectacle, laying the theoretical groundwork for subversive politics. Furthermore, Merrifield advocates taking the "Imaginary Party" as the political entity, seeking to thoroughly subvert capitalism through a revolution in daily life founded on imagination and alliances with various resistance movements. Lastly, Merrifield portrays his ideal society, which is rooted in imagination. The theoretical contributions of Magical Marxism include further enriching classical Marxist discussions on the urban and spatial issues, showcasing the theoretical potency of Marxism; upholding and expanding the critical spirit and humanistic concern of Marxism; and striving to seek revolutionary blueprints that transcend capitalism under new circumstances. However, Magical Marxism represents contemporary utopian socialism, straying from historical materialism and the theory of surplus value. The excessive emphasis on imagination lends an idealistic trait to this political theory, rendering it inadequate as a guiding ideological tool for the "Imaginary Party" in its liberation struggle. Consequently, the "Imaginary Party" is unlikely to emerge as a genuine driving force and transformative power in societal development.

Key words imagination; Magical Marxism; Metromarxism; Utopian socialism

 

■作者简介 张三萍，武汉理工大学马克思主义学院教授，湖北 武汉 430070； 马慧玲，武汉理工大学马克思主义学院博士研究生。

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