作　者：姚战琪
关键词：“宽带中国”；数字基础设施建设；数字金融；数字鸿沟；地区收入差距；共同富裕；企业技术创新
摘　要：

“宽带中国”试点政策有助于扩大农村劳动力就业。数字基础设施建设是推动共同富裕和缩小地区收入差距的重要路径。基于2005-2022 年292 个地级市（未含我国香港、澳门、台湾地区）的数据，使用双重差分法分析数字基础设施建设对居民收入水平和地区收入差距的影响及其机制，可以发现：数字基础设施建设能显著提高居民收入水平并缩减地区收入差距，这一结论在考虑交叠DID 偏误、替换被解释变量、替换解释变量后依然成立。数字基础设施建设能通过促进技术创新、产业结构升级对共同富裕产生积极影响。在城镇化率高的地区与城镇化率低的地区，数字基础设施建设均能缩减地区收入差距，但是数字基础设施建设对城镇化率低的地区的居民收入水平的促进作用小于其对城镇化率高的地区的居民收入水平的促进作用。数字基础设施建设对周边城市的居民收入水平具有显著的正向影响，数字基础设施建设还能降低周边地区的地区收入差距。为进一步发挥数字基础设施建设对共同富裕的促进作用，政府应加大对数字基础设施建设和宽带网络覆盖的投资力度，给予企业在数字基础设施建设中的税收减免，加强对数字基础设施建设的监管，加大对数字技术人才的培养力度。

 

The Impact of Digital Infrastructure Construction on the Level Of Household Income and Regional Income Disparity Under The Background of Common Prosperity

Yao Zhanqi（Chinese Academy of Social Sciences）

Abstract The pilot policy of "Broadband China" helps rural labor employment and expands the sources of income for farmers; digital infrastructure construction proves to be an important path to promoting common prosperity and narrowing regional income gaps. Based on data of 292 prefecture-level cities (excluding Hong Kong, Macao, and the Taiwan region) from 2005 to 2022, this study adopts Difference-in-Difference (DID) to analyze the impact and mechanism of digital infrastructure construction on household income levels and regional income disparities. It is found that digital infrastructure can significantly improve household in‐ come level and reduce regional income disparities, and the conclusion still holds after considering overlap‐ ping DID bias and replacing the dependent variable and the explanatory variable. The construction of digital infrastructure can have a positive impact on common prosperity by promoting technological innovation and upgrading industrial structure. In both areas with high and low urbanization rates, the construction of digital infrastructure can reduce regional income inequality. However, its effect on household income level in areas with low urbanization rates tends to be weaker than in areas with high urbanization rates. Digital infrastructure construction has a significant positive impact on household income level in surrounding cities, and can also reduce the income gap in surrounding areas. In order to further promote the role of digital infrastructure construction in promoting common prosperity, the government should increase investment in digital infrastructure construction and broadband network coverage, provide tax exemptions for enterprises in digital infrastructure construction, increase supervision of digital infrastructure construction, and expand digital technology training programs.

Key words "broadband China" strategy; construction of digital infrastructure; digital finance; digital divide; regional income gap; common prosperity; enterprise technological innovation

 

■作者简介 姚战琪，中国社会科学院财经战略研究院研究员，中国社会科学院大学商学院教授，北京 100028。

 

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