作　者：王时中
关键词：类生命；无神论的种生命；有神论的种生命；无神论的类生命；人本学；类哲学
摘　要：

高清海以“类生命”表示人的自由、自为、自觉及其能动性、超越性与整体性的特征。这种“类生命”既不是物种进化论意义的“无神论的种生命”，也不同于费尔巴哈人本学意义的“有神论的种生命”，更不同于萨特存在主义意义的“无神论的类生命”。如果援引 “唯名论革命”之后的偶在关系作为阐发高清海主张的“类生命”的参照，则不仅可能克服物种进化论以“种生命”吞噬“类生命”的荒谬、费尔巴哈以人本学扬弃神学的不彻底以及萨特存在主义无法摆脱的黑格尔幽灵，还可以为“类生命”之超越性提供坚实的论证。但高清海主张的“类生命”是不能脱离“种生命”的，因此，在阐发“类生命”之超越性时，应该在坚持高清海“类哲学”之唯物论的基础上进一步提炼其方法论意义。

 

On Unresolved Issues about the Transcendence In "Species-transcending Life"

From Feuerbach，Sartre to Gao Qinghai

Wang Shizhong（Xiamen University）

Abstract  Gao Qinghai adopts the concept of "species-transcending life" to denote the characteristics of human freedom, self-determination, self-awareness, as well as their capacities for agency, transcendence and holistic integration. The concept is neither the ''atheistic species-bound life'' in the sense of evolution theory, nor the ''theistic species-bound life'' in the sense of Feuerbachian humanism, and still less the ''atheistic species-transcending life'' in the sense of Sartrean existentialism. If the Contingency relationship following the Nominalist Revolution is cited as a reference for elaborating Gao's concept of ''species-transcending life'', it is possible not only to overcome the absurdity of the Species Evolution Theory in reducing ''species-transcending life'' to ''species-bound life'', the incomplete abandonment of theology in Feuerbachian humanism, and the lingering influence of Hegelianism that Sartrean existentialism cannot fully escape, but also to pro‐ vide a solid argument for the transcendence of ''species-transcending life''. However, the ''species-transcending life'' proposed by Gao cannot be separated from the ''species-bound life''. Therefore, when elaborating on the transcendence of ''species-transcending life'', it is necessary to further refine its methodological significance while adhering to the Materialist foundation of Gao's philosophy of human genera.

Key words the species-transcending life; the atheistic species-bound life; the theistic species-bound life; the atheistic species-transcending life; Anthropologismus; the Philosophy of Human Genera

 

■    作者简介  王时中，厦门大学哲学系教授，福建 厦门 361005。

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