作　者：欧阳英
关键词：正义社会；正义观念；社会秩序；社会权威；社会公平
摘　要：

无论在古代还是在现当代，正义社会这一提法都不断地出现于文本之中，但其究竟当作何理解却并无定论。在世界政治哲学的版图上，孔子与柏拉图分别是古代中西方政治文明传统中的开启者，他们对“正义”概念的界定惊人的一致。这表明，在有关正义社会的理解上存在着超越地域和文明的一般性的原初内涵指向。正义社会是正义观念在社会层面的体现，正义观念以宜（恰到好处）为核心要义，正义社会的原初性内涵主要围绕这一核心要义展开，且包含三方面重要内容：一是主张建立体现宜（恰到好处）的社会秩序；二是提倡用社会权威来保障社会的有序运行；三是在价值观上追求社会公平。社会秩序是正义社会的基本框架，社会权威是正义社会的运行条件，社会公平是正义社会的首要特征。在正义社会中，社会秩序、社会权威与社会公平是三位一体的。

 

On a Just Society and Its Original Connotation

The Enlightenment from the Comparison of Confucius and Platonic Ideas on Justice

Ouyang Ying（Chinese Academy of Social Sciences）

Abstract The concept of a "just society" has repeatedly appeared in texts both in ancient and modern times, yet its precise interpretation remains open to debate. On the global landscape of political philosophy, Confucius and Plato, pioneers of ancient Chinese and Western political civilizations, respectively, share strikingly consistent definition of the concept of ''justice'', which suggests a general original connotation in the understanding of a just society that transcends geographical and cultural boundaries. A just society represents the social manifestation of the concept of justice, with "appropriateness" (the Golden Mean) as its core tenet. The original connotation of a just society mainly revolves around this core tenet, and encompass three key dimensions: firstly, it advocates the establishment of a social order that embodies "appropriateness" (the Golden Mean); secondly, it promotes the use of social authority to ensure the orderly operation of society; thirdly, it pursues social fairness in terms of values. Social order serves as the foundational framework of a just society, social authority provides the conditions for its operation, and social fairness constitutes its primary characteristic. In a just society, social order, social authority, and social fairness are interdependent and inseparable.

Key words  a just society; the concept of justice; social order; social authority; social fairness

 

■    作者简介  欧阳英，中国社会科学院哲学研究所研究员，中国社会科学院大学哲学院教授，北京 100732。

 

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